Introduction to Programming

Updated: 25/2/26

Link to Udacity course: Link.

We will learn the foundations of four of the most popular languages: HTML, CSS, Javascript, and Python.

\[{ \underline{\textbf{Introduction to Web Development}} }\]

Sections: The Web and HTML;

[The Web and HTML]

HTML is used to structure and write web pages.

In a sense, the web is a collection of documents written in HTML, along with other resources such as images and videos, as well as programs and services that interact with these documents and resources.

The Web is a hypertext system. Hypertext is a form of text in which documents can refer (link) to other documents and resources.

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language.

[Web Pages and Servers]

Most of the time, your browser gets webpages by communicating with servers over the internet. Servers are fundamentally also computers, but they have programs running on them that answer a browser’s requests.

One of the superpowers of the web is that you can make links to a file or document that’s on a different server.
A web page can include resources from the same web server or from other web servers.

Web browsers and servers interact in a specific way. When you go to a webpage or follow a link, your browser makes a request to the server asking for a particular document by name, and the server sends a response back to the browser containing that document.
The rules for how these requests and responses work are called the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

HTML is the language that provides the structure and text of web pages.

When you load up a website in your browser, the first thing that the server sends to your browser is a HTML file.
If you look at that HTML file using programmer’s tools, you will see all the technical details that tell the browser what to do. When you open the same file in a web browser, the browser will follow the instructions to build and display the page.

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